Water is the sign of life. If there is no water, there is no life as it is a vital part of our body that's why nations will fight for water to survive. It is not only useful for human beings but also for all living organisms, including plants. Different parts of the human being constitute water about 65% to 90%. Human lung cells constitute 85% water and in the brain cells also about 85% water is present. Bone cells have a very low percentage of water but contain about 25% water. If there is no water, there may be a headache, mental retardation can be seen. The brain cannot perform proper work if there is dehydration as neurons which are a basic part of the nervous system needs water.
If the water level in the body is low, memory problems can also be seen. The impulse transmission can be affected. The eye also needs water as the vitreous body (Corpus vitreum) a part of the eye has about 95% of water. If there is dehydration there will be severe damage to the vision. We cannot see without water.
A low level of water in ear cells can lead to deafness. If there is dehydration, there may be disorders of Taste Buds and we cannot taste, and also our skin cells have water. Skin problems may be seen due to dehydration.
The water level in our body maintains our body temperature. In hot and severe conditions environmental temperature may rise to 50 degrees Celsius but our body cannot tolerate more than 41 degrees Celsius temperature. If environmental temperature fluctuation persists our body can expire but water in our body facilitates the body to face the harsh fluctuating environment. (Read also Best Exercises)
Sweating is the process by which our body faces these harsh conditions. Excretory materials need water to get out free from our bodies. By urination, excretory materials from the Kidneys are removed from the body by water. If there is a low quantity of water means hydration in the body. Urine may become more concentrated and this can lead to kidney stones and infection in the urinary tract. There can be a burning sensation in the urinary tract which may lead to restlessness and kidney failure. In dehydration, the liver is also affected. The liver detoxifies drugs and Fat digestion occurs by the liver cells. Removal of drugs and the toxins from the body cannot be properly done by the liver if there is dehydration. The toxins may accumulate in body parts which can lead to the bloodstream. This can be disastrous for our bodies.
Expulsion of feces from GIT is also important. GIT has an inner wet surface which facilitates our GIT to the movement of the material. During the food traveling from the mouth to the large intestine, many enzymes are secreted. These enzymes cannot work without water pressure.
If there is dehydration then our GIT is also affected. There is a problem of the difficulty of facing expulsion known as constipation. Water acts as a solvent in the human body. Our body requires some vitamins. These vitamins are of two types I. water-soluble and II. Fat-soluble. These fat-soluble vitamins are important for different functions as Vitamin A is important for eye vision and for the activity of the immune system. Vitamin D is for the proper development of the bones. Vitamin E is for enhancing reproductive activity and Vitamin K is for stopping bleeding. We cannot see, hear, touch, taste, and even become sensitive without water.
Climate change, health problems, urbanization, food security, infrastructure, population level, water and sanitation, and energy are hot issues worldwide. Water is very important and can play a vital role in sustaining the future. World water day is celebrated all over the world on 22 March of every year. The main purpose of this day is to elaborate on the importance of water and its role in the future. There are following challenges expressed by SDGs are given below
Health and Disease
According to the database of SDGs, 2.5 billion people in the world lack sanitation facilities, and more than one billion people rely on open defecation, annually 260 billion dollars are used. This is an alarming situation regarding water and water-borne diseases, especially diarrhea. With the reference of a study, more than 750000 children died every year due to diarrhea and 88% of total deaths in children under 5 years are due to drinking unfit water for health.
Malnutrition and child development
Malnutrition is the biggest problem for undeveloped countries, especially in the African region, and due to this child development is seriously damaged. It is estimated more than 65 percent of children under 5 years old faces malnutrition and water sanitation problems. These children are unable to get proper nutrients for their proper growth and development. The Indian government and world food agencies are failed to overcome the water and food crisis.
Agriculture and Food Security
Agriculture is also at risk due to water sanitation and water available. Research shows that 50% of the world's grains production will be reduced by 2050. It's due to poor strategies and lack of water availability. This is not the only problem, a number of issues and challenges may be faced due to water. In 2014, the state of California was seriously damaged by drought and faced a 1.5 billion dollars cost. There are many such incidents that happened due to water shortages and sanitation.
Climate Change
Climate change is a very serious issue but developed countries are not ready to take it seriously. Greenhouse gases are affecting the climate continuously, these gases are mostly emitted by developed countries but undeveloped countries are also affected. A number of seminars and meetings are held regarding this issue but failed because developed countries are not ready to decrease the level of GHGs. If the current emission rate of greenhouse gases continued, the United States can face a big drought for 35 years by 2100.
The above examples are not satisfactory and tell us the importance of water sanitation for sustaining our future. So, it is important to organize yourself and be careful about water sanitation. Do not waste water and use it carefully. The upcoming days can be painful if water is wasted because water is life, without water life is not possible.
So water is our life and without water, we cannot live.
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